Flow Control Activities

Flow Control activities define the execution path of a workflow — branching on conditions, iterating over collections, handling errors, and composing sub-workflows. These are the backbone of every automation: Sequence, If, Else If, Switch, For Each, While, Do While, Break, Continue, Parallel, Try Catch, Retry, Delay, Invoke Workflow, Throw, Rethrow, Comment.

Sequence

A grouping container with no execution logic of its own. Use it to visually organise related activities and create named sections inside a workflow. Sequences can be collapsed in the designer canvas to reduce visual clutter.

Parameter	Type	Description
DisplayName	String	Label shown on the canvas card
Body	Activity sequence	Child activities to execute in order

If / Else If

If evaluates a boolean condition and executes the Then or Else branch accordingly. Chain Else If activities inside the Else branch for multi-condition trees.

Parameter	Type	Required	Description
Condition	Boolean Expression	Yes	Expression that evaluates to true or false. Use ${variable} syntax to reference variables.
Then	Activity sequence	Yes	Activities executed when condition is true
Else	Activity sequence	No	Activities executed when condition is false

workflow

1	// Check if a file exists before reading it
2	If Condition="${fileExists}"
3	Then:
4	Excel Read Range ...
5	Else:
6	Log Message: "File not found, skipping"

Switch

Multi-branch selector — evaluates an expression and matches it against case labels. Each case has its own activity sequence. A Default case handles unmatched values.

Parameter	Type	Required	Description
Expression	Any	Yes	Value to match against case labels (supports ${variable})
Cases	List of (value → sequence)	Yes	One or more labelled case branches
Default	Activity sequence	No	Runs if no case matches

workflow

1	Switch: {orderStatus{"}"}
2	Case "Pending": Send SMTP Email ...
3	Case "Shipped": Excel Set Cell Value ...
4	Case "Cancelled": Log Message: "Order cancelled"
5	Default: Log Message: "Unknown status"

For Each

Iterates over each item in a collection — StringArray, Int32Array, List, or DataTable. Use For Each Row (in the Data category) when iterating a DataTable row-by-row.

Parameter	Type	Required	Description
Collection	IEnumerable / variable name	Yes	Variable holding the collection to iterate
ItemVariable	String	Yes	Variable name that holds the current item in each iteration
Body	Activity sequence	Yes	Activities to execute for each item

workflow

1	For Each: itemVar="row" Collection="${invoiceTable}"
2	Body:
3	Type Into: Selector=... Text="${row["InvoiceNo"]}"
4	Click: Selector=...

While / Do While

While checks the condition before each iteration (may run 0 times). Do While checks the condition after each iteration (always runs at least once).

Parameter	Type	Required	Description
Condition	Boolean Expression	Yes	Loop continues while this evaluates to true
Body	Activity sequence	Yes	Activities executed each iteration

Break / Continue

Use inside For Each, While, or Do While loops. Break exits the loop immediately. Continue skips to the next iteration. Neither activity has parameters.

Parallel

Runs two or more activity sequences concurrently. The workflow waits until all branches complete before continuing.

Parameter	Type	Required	Description
Branches	List of sequences	Yes	2 or more concurrent branches (added in the designer)

Parallel and UIDo not run parallel branches that both interact with the same UI window — they will interfere with each other. Parallel is best for independent I/O tasks (file reads, HTTP calls, Excel operations on separate files, etc.).

Try Catch

Wraps a sequence in error-handling logic. If any activity in the Try block throws, execution jumps to the Catch block. The Finally block always runs regardless of success or failure.

Branch	Required	Description
Try	Yes	Main sequence — activities that may fail
Catch	No	Error-handling sequence — runs when an exception is thrown
Finally	No	Cleanup sequence — always runs after Try/Catch

Exception variableIn the Catch branch, the special variable ${exception} holds the error message from the caught exception. Use it in a Log or Message Box to surface the error details.

Retry

Wraps a sequence and automatically re-executes it on failure, up to a configurable number of times with an optional delay between attempts.

Parameter	Type	Default	Description
RetryCount	Int32	3	Maximum number of retry attempts
RetryInterval	Int32 (ms)	1000	Milliseconds to wait between attempts
Body	Activity sequence	—	Activities to retry on failure

Delay

Pauses workflow execution for a fixed duration in milliseconds.

Parameter	Type	Required	Description
Milliseconds	Int32	Yes	Duration to pause (e.g., 2000 = 2 seconds)

Invoke Workflow

Calls another saved .gbw workflow file as a sub-workflow. The called workflow runs synchronously inside the current execution. Use this to build reusable workflow components.

Parameter	Type	Required	Description
WorkflowPath	String	Yes	Path to the .gbw file (absolute or relative to the main workflow)
Arguments	Dictionary	No	Input arguments to pass to the sub-workflow's Arguments (In/InOut)

Throw

Manually raises an exception to halt execution or trigger a surrounding Try Catch.

Parameter	Type	Required	Description
Message	String	Yes	Error message to include in the exception

Rethrow

Use inside a Catch block to re-raise the caught exception to the next outer error handler. No parameters.

Comment

A non-executing annotation block. Use it to add notes, documentation, or temporary disable-markers inside a workflow. Has a single Text parameter (String).